杜威生长意蕴的兴趣观及其对教学实践的启示

Dewey′s view of interest on growth and its enlightenment to teaching

杜威从生长论的视角提出了自己的兴趣学说,把兴趣看作一种居间事物,是指儿童从现有能力借助兴趣注意主动活动达到理智发展、生长的教育目的,奠定了兴趣在教学中不可忽视的地位。从兴趣的自发性源于经验的生长性、兴趣的关联性源于方法的主动性、兴趣的统一性源于生长的目的性来分析了杜威的兴趣观,并从重视儿童经验,将兴趣作为课程设置的起点;重视统一活动,实现儿童兴趣和方法的关联;重视内在目的,探寻教学过程与结果的统一等3个方面分析了杜威的兴趣观对教学实践的启示。

Dewey puts forward his own interest theory from the perspective of growth theory and regards interest as a kind of intermediate thing which refers to the educational purpose that children can achieve rational development and growth with the help of interest attention initiative from the existing ability and establish the position that interest can not be ignored in teaching.This paper analyzes Dewey′s view of interest from the purpose of spontaneous interest from the growth of experience the relevance of interest from the initiative of method and the unity of interest from the purpose of growth and takes interest as the starting point of curriculum design from the point of view of children′s experience and attaches importance to unified activities.At present this paper analyzes the enlightenment of Dewey′s view of interest to teaching practice from three aspects paying attention to the internal purpose and exploring the unity of teaching process and result.