分根区交替滴灌营养液对番茄生长发育及品质的影响

Effects of Alternate Drip Irrigation of Nutrient Solution in Root Division Area on Growth and Quality of Matrix Cultured Tomato

【目的】提高番茄产量和品质。【方法】试验采用完全随机区组设计,设供液量:450 mL(T1)、650 mL(T2)、850 mL(T3),供液频率:3 d/次(C1)、2 d/次(C2)、1 d/次(C3)共9个处理。研究了在分根区交替滴灌下供液量及供液频率对基质培番茄生长发育及果实品质的影响。【结果】营养液供液量的增加,会降低番茄果实的品质,不利于可溶性固形物的积累。从果实品质上而言,T1C2处理可溶性固形物量为6.97%且单果质量适宜,果实Vc量最高。其次,T1C2处理水分利用效率最高,为67.06 kg/m3,较CK提高154.40%,T2C3处理番茄的总产量最大,为13409.10 kg/667m2,T2C3处理较CK增产2886.4 kg,增幅达27.4%。T2C3处理番茄的单果质量可达226.44 g,番茄果质量偏大,色泽红润,具有良好的商品性。此外,T2C3处理水分利用效率为40.29 kg/m3,较CK提高52.85%。【结论】从果实品质上而言,T1C2处理即分根区交替滴灌营养液模式下,供液量:单株滴灌450 mL,供液频率:2 d/次的供液方式下(T1C2处理)果实品质较优,每天每株滴灌650 mL营养液,T2C3处理产量最高。

【Objective】We aimed to explore the effects of the amount and frequency of the feed on the growth,development and fruit quality of tomato under the model of alternate drip irrigation of nutrient solution in the Root Division Area.【Method】For this test,we set the liquid supply volume as 450 mL(T1),650 mL(T2),850 mL(T3),and the liquid supply frequency as:3 days/time(C1),2 days/time(C2),and 1 day/time(C3)for 9 treatments under a completely randomized block design.【Result】The increase of nutrient liquid supply would decrease the quality of tomato fruit,which was not conducive to the accumulation of soluble solids.In terms of fruit quality,the content of soluble solids of T1C2 treatment was 6.97%,and the weight of single fruit was suitable,and the Vitamin C content of fruit was the highest.Secondly,the water use efficiency of T1C2 was the highest(67.06 kg/m3),154.40%higher than that of CK,which greatly reduced the waste of agricultural water resources and achieved the goal of optimal tomato yield and water saving.In terms of fruit yield,the total yield of tomato treated with T2C3 was the largest,which was 13409.10 kg/667m2.Compared with CK,the yield of T2C3 increased by 2886.4 kg and up to 27.4%.The single fruit weight of T2C3 treatment tomato can be up to 226.44 g,and the fruit weight is relatively large,the color being ruddy with good commercial property.In addition,the water use efficiency of T2C3 treatment was 40.29 kg/m3,which was 52.85%higher than that of CK,indicating that T2C3 treatment could improve water use efficiency while increasing yield.【Conclusion】From the aspect of fruit quality,T1C2 treatment,under the mode of alternate drip irrigation of nutrient solution in root area,with liquid supply volume being 450 mL,and the liquid supply frequency being 2 days/time,is the ideal liquid supply quantity and liquid supply frequency.From the aspect of fruit yield,T2C3 treatment,under the mode of alternate drip irrigation of nutrient solution in root area,the drip irrigation of 650 mL nutrient solution per plant per day was the ideal liquid supply volume and liquid supply frequency.