历史与逻辑:从国家消亡论到中国特色社会主义国家论

History and Logic: From the Theory of the Demise of State to the Theory of Socialist State with Chinese characteristics

马克思恩格斯主张,国家将随着阶级的消亡而消亡。列宁对"国家消亡论"的必然性与长期性的双重认识,尤其是将共产主义第一阶段视为社会主义,奠定了建设社会主义国家的可能性。中国特色社会主义国家是民族国家,以实现中华民族的伟大复兴为己任。民族国家形态是由中国近代以来的半殖民地历史所决定的,同时也是任何一个国家在资本主义时代无可避免的命运。中国特色社会主义国家是人民国家,中国特色社会主义国家的一切权力属于人民,这是社会主义的本质要求。中国特色社会主义国家推动建设人类命运共同体,这是马克思主义者在资本全球化时代审时度势的世界政治构想。中国特色社会主义国家具有普遍性意义,"中国特色"不是地域性的特色,而是世界历史的具体。

Marx and Engels prophesied that states would die with the demise of classes. Lenin’s recognition of the inevitability and long-term nature of the"state demise theory", as well as his assertion that socialism is the first stage of communism, laid the theoretical foundation for building a socialist country. The socialist state with Chinese characteristics is a nation-state, with the mission to realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.This state form, shaped by the semi-colonial history of China since modern times, was the inevitable destiny of any nation in the era of capitalism. It is a state of the people, a state where all power of the state belongs to the people,which is the essential requirement for socialism. Socialist country with Chinese characteristics champions to build a community of a shared future for mankind, which is a well-conceived Marxist’s world political conception in the era of capital globalization. Socialism with Chinese characteristics is of universal significance, for"Chinese characteristics"is not a regional phenomenon but an embodiment of the world history.