重性抑郁障碍脑结构及静息态功能磁共振研究进展

Advances in brain structure and resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging of major depressive disorders

重性抑郁障碍(MDD)是一种常见的精神疾病,具有患病率高,识别率、就诊率及规范治疗率低,疾病负担重的特点。对重性抑郁的磁共振研究主要有结构性及功能性磁共振两种方式,结构性磁共振提示MDD脑结构改变主要集中在与情绪-认知相关的神经环路(边缘-皮层-纹状体-苍白球-丘脑)的相关脑区,主要表现为脑体积的减少。静息态功能磁共振低频振幅(ALFF)的研究发现,MDD患者默认网络ALFF值降低,但以上研究缺乏一致性的研究结果,还需要深入的研究帮助我们更全面地理解MDD的病理生理机制。

Major depressive disorder(MDD)is a common mental disorder,which has the characteristics of high prevalence rate,low recognition rate,low consultation rate and standard treatment rate,and heavy disease burden.There are two main ways of functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI)in the study of major depression:structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging.Structural magnetic resonance imaging shows that the structural changes of MDD brain are mainly concentrated in the areas related to emotional-cognitive neural circuits(marginal-cortex-striatum-globus pallidus-thalamus).The main manifestation is the decrease of brain volume.The study of resting-state functional magnetic resonance amplitude of low frequency fluctuation(ALFF)found that the default network ALFF of MDD patients decreased,but the above studies are lack of consistent results,and further studies are needed to help us to more comprehensively understand the pathophysiological mechanism of MDD.