基于POI要素空间聚集特征的城市多中心结构识别——以郑州市为例

Recognition of Urban Polycentric Structure Based on Spatial Aggregation Characteristics of POI Elements:A Case of Zhengzhou City

为了有效地提高城市多中心结构的识别效率和准确性,为城市规划提供科学依据,利用核密度分析、热点分析和加权叠加分析方法,探索城市要素的空间聚集形态和特征。设计基于公众依赖性、空间聚集度和属性特征值的空间加权叠加分析方法,利用精度高、更新快、覆盖全、可以从多个角度体现城市要素的空间聚集特征的兴趣点(POI)数据,实现对郑州市主城区的聚集特征衡量和多中心识别。结果表明:郑州市主城区的各类城市要素呈现中心集中、沿线蔓延的圈层状空间分布结构,具有结构不均衡的特点,规划中的多中心与识别出的多中心之间存在一定程度的差异,尤其是外围功能性中心,由于位置偏远且配套设施不足,未实现副中心应有的分散疏解作用,因此需加强产业统筹规划,以交通为纽带,提升副中心的向外辐射和向内吸引能力。

In order to improve the recognition efficiency and accuracy of urban polycentric structure and provide scientific basis for urban planning,this paper uses kernel density analysis,hotspot analysis and weighted overlay analysis to explore the spatial aggregation patterns and characteristics of urban elements,and designs a spatial weighted overlay analysis method based on public dependence,spatial aggregation degree and attribute values.By using the POI data with high accuracy,fast update and full coverage,which can reflect the spatial aggregation characteristics of urban elements,the method realizes the measurement of aggregation characteristics and the polycentric recognition of Zhengzhou city.The results show that the POI elements in main urban area of Zhengzhou city present an annular spatial distribution structure.It has the characteristics of centralizing in the center and spreading along the road.The polycentric structure is unbalanced.There are some differences between the planned sub-centers and the identified ones.Because of the remote location and lack of supporting facilities,the peripheral functional centers with lower development level is far from achieving the dispersal and evacuation role they should have.Therefore,it is necessary to improve the overall planning of the industry to enhance the outward radiation and inward attraction of the sub-center through the link of transportation.