葡萄多种群种间杂种后代抗病性特征研究

Study on disease resistance characteristics of hybrid progeny among different grapevine populations

本研究以含山葡萄血统的欧山杂种与含有河岸葡萄、美洲葡萄、欧亚种葡萄血统的杂种后代进行杂交获得的多种群杂交群体后代16个典型株系为材料,以‘北玫’‘北红’‘威代尔’‘贵人香’为对照;通过田间自然鉴定法和室内接种鉴定法,鉴定了露地越冬葡萄多种群种间杂种后代对霜霉病和白粉病的抗性。结果表明:杂种优系表现出明显的抗病优势。田间调查发现,有15个优系对霜霉病表现高抗和抗性,12个优系对白粉病表现免疫和高抗。在室内条件下接种霜霉病后,有11个优系为高抗或抗性级别,明显优于对照品种。因此认为,利用含美洲血统的葡萄基因可选育抗病性能强的新优品种,本试验中的优系‘5-1-247’和‘5-1-444’表现抗病性极好,明显优于其他优系。

In this study,16 typical strains of offspring from a variety of hybrid populations were obtained by crossbreeding between V.vinifera-V.amurensis hybrids containing V.amurensis lineages and hybrid offspring containing V.riparis,V.labrusca,and V.vinifera lineages were used as materials.’Beimei’ ’Beihong’ ’Vidal’ and ’Italian Riesling’ was used as control;by using field natural identification method and indoor inoculation identification method,the resistance to powdery mildew and downy mildew of over-winter grape hybrids were identified.The results showed that the hybrid superior offspring showed obvious advantages in disease resistance.A field survey found that 15 offspring showed high resistance and resistance to downy mildew,and 12 offspring showed immunity and high resistance to powdery mildew.After inoculated with downy mildew under indoor conditions,11 offspring were of high resistance or resistance level,which was significantly better than the control varieties.Overall,offspring of ’5-1-247’ and ’5-1-444’ showed excellent disease resistance,obviously superior to other offspring.