精准扶贫背景下山西省农户收入结构变动分析

Analysis on the change of farmers' income structure in Shanxi Province under thebackground of targeted poverty alleviation

通过深入研究精准扶贫背景下的山西省农户收入结构变动趋势,以期从收入结构视角为2020年全面打赢脱贫攻坚战的强农惠农政策的制定提供参考和依据。选取2013—2018年面板数据,采用纵向、横向分析相结合的方法对山西省农户收入结构进行对比分析:精准扶贫以来,工资性收入仍然是当前山西省农户收入最重要的组成部分,但所占比重呈下降趋势;经营性收入在山西省农户收入中的比重处在第二位,其比重也呈现出逐年缩减的趋势,其中种植业收入仍然是山西省农户经营性收入主要组成部分;转移性收入在山西省农户收入中的比重处在第三位,其比重则呈现迅速上升趋势;财产性收入仍然无法成为山西省农户收入的主要来源;山西省农村内部收入差距,最主要来自工资性收入的差异;山西省农户收入与全国平均水平的差距主要表现在经营性收入项目上,而与浙江省农户收入的差距主要体现在经营性收入和工资性收入两个项目上,因此山西省农户收入结构优化仍有较大空间。通过整合全社会优势力量,从农户收入来源上下功夫,多方举措促进山西省农户增收结构的优化及农户收入水平的稳定增长。

Through in-depth research on the income structure change trend of farmers in Shanxi under the background of targeted poverty alleviation,this paper aims to provide reference and basis for the formulation of the policies of strengthening and benefiting agriculture to win the battle against poverty in 2020 from the perspective of income structure.The panel data from 2013 to 2018 were selected to make a comparative studyof the income structure of farmers in Shanxi by combining vertical and horizontal analysis.It founded that since the targeted poverty alleviation,wage income is still the most important part of farmer'sincome in Shanxi,but its proportion is decreasing.The operational income is the second,and its proportion also showsa shrinking trend year by year,among which plantation income is still the main component.The proportion of transfer income is in the third place,and its proportion shows a rapid upward trend.Property income still cannot become the main source of income.The internal income gapin Shanxi's rural areas mainly comes from the difference of wage income;The gap between the income of farmers in Shanxi and the national average is mainly reflected in operational income item,while the gap between the income of farmers in Shanxi and in Zhejiang is mainly reflected in operational income and wage income item.As a result,there is still much room for optimizing the income structure of farmers in Shanxi.By integrating the advantageous forces of the whole society and working from the income sources of farmers,multiple measures can be taken to promote the optimization of the income structureandthe stable growth of the income level of farmers in Shanxi.