疾病、事件与治理——从康吉莱姆到福柯的生命政治学

Disease,Event and Government:Bio-politics from Canguilhem to Foucault

康吉莱姆的作为事件的疾病观,将疾病视为一种与健康状态决裂的新的生命维度。而福柯发现,17世纪以后的西方社会和政治治理技术,恰恰在于对这种作为事件的疾病的排除。从一开始的隔离和规训,到以人口为基础的生命政治的治理,实际上都是现代资本主义社会试图摆脱不确定性因素困扰,排除颠覆性事件的尝试。将生命体还原为政治科学的人口,将事件的影响力降到最低,成为现代生命政治治理的基本目标。今天的数字技术与生命政治治理的结合,让福柯的生命政治学得到了更高的升华。

Georges Canguilhem viewed disease as an event and a new dimension of life at odds with states of health.Michel Foucault,however,through the technology of political government since 17th century,discovered that the new governmental technology had discarded disease as an event.From the separation and discipline at the beginning to bio-political government based on population,modern capitalism has extricated themselves from those uncertain elements,excluding all potentially subversive events.To reduce the vivants to population in political science and to cut the influence of event down to the lowest level become the objectives of modern bio-political government.Moreover,the present integration of digital technology and bio-political government perhaps has advanced the theory of Foucault’s bio-politics ahead.