健康视角下城市老旧社区儿童户外活动空间更新研究

Study on the Renewal of Children’s Outdoor Activity Space in Old Urban Communities from the Perspective of Health

儿童的健康程度是衡量人类生活环境的健康程度和政府管理水平的最终标准,生物心理社会医学模式下的健康概念包括生理健康、心理健康和社会适应良好3个方面。社区户外活动空间作为儿童日常主要的活动中心,是实现儿童健康生活的基本单元。文章以合肥市某典型老旧小区为调研案例,首先,基于实证研究对社区内现有儿童活动空间的布局设计和可达性等建设使用现状进行调研分析;其次,获取该小区儿童的日常游戏场所选择、出行方式和时间频率等行为特征,并进一步通过问卷获取家长与儿童对其住区儿童户外活动空间的健康需求评价;最后,探讨现有老旧社区的儿童户外活动空间设计在儿童健康方面存在的问题,进而提出有利于儿童健康的相应更新建议。

The health degree of children is the ultimate standard to measure the health degree of human living environment and the level of government management. The concept of health in the model of biopsychosocial medicine includes three aspects: physical health, mental health and good social adaptation. As the main activity center for children, the community outdoor activity space is the basic unit to realize the healthy life of children. Taking a typical old community in Hefei as the research case, firstly, the layout design and accessibility of the existing children’s activity space in the community were investigated and analyzed based on the empirical study. Then, the behavior characteristics of the children’s daily play place selection, travel mode and time frequency were obtained. Furthermore, the health needs of parents and children on the outdoor activity space of children in their residential areas were evaluated through questionnaires. Finally, the paper discusses the problems in the design of children’s outdoor activity space in the existing old community, and then puts forward the corresponding suggestions for updating children’s health.