人工关节置换术后假体无菌性松动的研究进展

Research progress in aseptic loosening of prostheses after joint arthroplasty

人工关节置换术已经作为骨科的一种标准治疗手段,用于治疗累及关节的骨折、重度骨关节炎、骨肿瘤和先天性关节发育不良等疾病,术后效果较好,但并发症也不容忽视。其中术后假体无菌性松动成为影响患者恢复的最大问题之一。本文主要从机械性因素(假体微动、应力遮挡、高液压等)及生物学因素(磨损颗粒、细胞、分子等)两方面全面阐述了关节置换术后假体发生无菌性松动的影响因素及发生机制。

Artificial arthroplasty has been used as a standard treatment in orthopaedics,which is used to treat involving joint fracture,severe osteoarthritis,bone tumors and congenital dysplasia of joint.Although artificial arthroplasty has a good postoperative effect,it’s complications also not be ignored.However,aseptic loosening of prosthesis has become one of the biggest problems affecting the recovery of patients.This paper comprehensively expounded the influencing factors and mechanism of aseptic loosening after artificial arthroplasty from mechanical factors(prosthesis fretting,stress shielding,high hydraulic pressure)and biological factors(wear particles,cells and molecular factors).