新中国70年民族教育领域的一次大论争:关于民族教育的本质

Big Debate in the Field of Ethnic Education Since theFounding of China:Essence of Ethnic Education

20世纪90年代初期至21世纪初,我国民族教育理论界开展了一次关于民族教育本质的大论争。这是新中国成立70年来民族教育研究领域开展得最充分的一次学术讨论。新中国成立70年间,尽管曾出现过诸如民汉合校问题、民汉双语教学问题、教学语言授课问题等方面的学术讨论,但都不及这次学术大论争的时间之长、范围之广、观点之多、成果之大。这场大论争对民族教育研究成为独立的研究领域、民族成分教育与民族地区教育并重、发挥民族教育理论的先导作用等方面产生了极大影响。这场大论争与当时的社会文化背景密切相关,是当时改革开放和市场经济与民族教育研究互动的产物,是当时中国社会政治、经济、文化和教育变迁在民族教育研究领域学术批评和争鸣的反映。这场大论争对今天的民族教育研究具有重要启示,并将成为中国民族教育研究学派创生的强有力的推动力量。

From the 1990s to the early 21st century,the academic circles of ethnic education in our country have launched a big debate on the essence of ethnic education,which is the most thorough academic discussion in the field of ethnic education research since the founding of People’s Republic of China.During the 70 years’period,this debate was unprecedented in its length of time,scale,diversification of opinion and achievements compared to other academic discussions on issues such as ethnic and Han schools,the bilingual teaching and language teaching.This big debate promoted to classify ethnic education as an independent research field,attached equal importance towards ethnic education and ethnic regions education,and gave play to the leading role of ethnic education theory.This big debate was closely related to the socio-cultural background at that time,and was the product of the interaction among the reform and opening up,the market economy and ethnic education research.It was also the reflection of the academic criticism and contention on China’s socio-political,economic,cultural and educational changes in the field of ethnic education research.Nowadays this debate has important implications for the ethnic education research and will become a powerful driving force for the creation on the research school of Chinese ethnic education.