中国特色、全国统一的电力市场关键问题研究(1):国外市场启示、比对与建议

Key Issues of National Unified Electricity Market With Chinese Characteristics(1):Enlightenment,Comparison and Suggestions From Foreign Countries

随着新一轮电力体制改革的推进,促进电力资源跨区域优化配置,构建"统一开放,竞争有序"的全国统一的电力市场将成为我国电力市场建设的终极目标。欧洲与美国作为电力市场建设的先行者,其市场化改革与交易范围整合扩大的相关经验和做法可对我国电力市场建设带来一定的启示与借鉴。文章通过回顾欧洲统一电力市场与美国区域电力市场的发展现状、演化路径和市场建设过程中面临的关键问题与相应解决方法,从政治背景、技术条件、市场驱动力、组织机构与电网架构等方面与我国电力市场的建设条件进行对比分析,探究市场演化背后的内在逻辑。最后结合我国的相应情况,提出欧洲、美国电力市场对建设中国特色、全国统一的电力市场的启示与建议。

With the advancement of the new round of electricity reform,the promotion the cross-regional optimal allocation of power resources and the establishment of a unified electricity market with“unified opening and orderly competition”has become the ultimate goal of China’s power market construction.Europe and the United States are pioneers in the construction of electricity markets,and their experience in market-oriented reforms and integration and expansion of trading scope can bring some inspiration and reference to the construction of a unified electricity market in China.This paper reviews the development status,evolution path and key problems of the unified electricity market in Europe and the regional electricity market in the United States,then analyses the internal logic behind the market construction from the aspects of political background,technical conditions and market driving forces,organization and grid resources.Finally,combined with the corresponding situation in China,the enlightenment and suggestions from the experience of Europe and the U.S.on the construction of China’s unified electricity market are put forward.