以空气和废气中颗粒物和SO2监测为例分析便携式监测设备进行环境执法的认证体系及方法支撑

Analysis of Certification System and Supporting Method for Environmental Enforcement by Portable Monitoring Equipment:Taking Particulate and Sulfur Dioxide Monitoring in Air and Exhaust Gas as an Example

在中国,快速有效的环境监测执法需求越来越急迫,特别是在出现疫情与地质灾害等特殊时期,便携式快速监测仪器能更好地保证执法的时效性,但应用上却在执法环节一直受到监测数据合法性及标准方法等问题的困扰。笔者首先采用关键词频统计法研究了便携式环境监测设备相关领域的研究热点,在此基础上基于执法机构实践,调研了解了中国现行常规环境监测仪器设备质控和认证流程,指出便携监测与常规流程不匹配之处,以空气和废气中颗粒物和SO2监测为例系统梳理了方法标准、质控、论证等内容,分析论证便携式设备在环境执法中数据有效性的问题,并针对便携监测设备的型式批准、强检、监测方法和数据合法性认定等问题提出具体建议。

With the frequent occurrence of environmental risk accidents and the normalization of environmental supervision in China,the need for fast and effective environmental monitoring and law enforcement is increasingly urgent.Portable and rapid monitoring instrument can better ensure the timeliness of law enforcement,especially in special periods such as epidemics and geological disasters.However,its application has been unable to be implemented due to problems such as the legality of monitoring data and standard methods in law enforcement.This article first uses the keyword frequency statistical method to study the research hotspots in the related fields of portable environmental monitoring equipment.On this basis,based on the practice of law enforcement agencies,this study investigated the current quality control and certification process of conventional environmental monitoring instruments and equipment in China,pointed out the inconsistency between portable monitoring and conventional processes.Simultaneously,taking the monitoring of particulate matter and sulfur dioxide in the air and exhaust gas as an example,the relevant standards and methods,quality control and demonstration were sorted out systematically.The data validity of portable devices in environmental law enforcement was analyzed,furthermore,specific suggestions were given for issues such as type approval,forced inspection,monitoring methods,and data legality determination of portable monitoring equipment.