论藏语白马方言的语音特点

On the General Features of the Pronunciation of Baima Dialect

白马方言是四川平武、九寨沟、松潘以及甘肃文县等地白马藏人所说的一种藏语方言。据统计,操此方言者约有13000人。关于此种方言的族属问题,语言学界一直存有争议,一种认为它是独立于藏语之外的一种新型语言,另一种则认为属于藏语方言范畴。对此,藏族语言学家很少发表意见。本文结合大量语料,利用母语优势和藏语书面语进行详细比较,发现它和藏语书面语之间有着语音对应关系,故认为白马方言属于藏语次方言,其语音上的考证与它的社会历史完全吻合。

The Baima dialect is a Tibetan dialect spoken by the people of Baima in Pingwu,Jiuzhaigou and Songpan of Sichuan province,and Wenxian County in Gansu.According to statistics,there are about 13,000 people who speak this dialect.There is always a dispute in the field of linguistics as to whether this dialect is a newly discovered language independent of the Tibetan language or a local dialect of the Tibetan language.Tibetan linguists seldom comment on this.This paper has combined a large number of corpus,using the advantages of mother tongue and Tibetan written language to make a detailed comparison,and found out that there is a strict phonetic correspondence between this dialect and Tibetan written language.Baima dialect is considered to be a sub-dialect of Tibetan,and the textual research on its pronunciation is completely consistent with its social history.