中国近代产业工人小说论

Study on the Types of Industrial Workers-themed Novels in Modern China

中国近代产业工人小说数量不多,其原因十分复杂,而最为主要的是作家们没有意识到工人阶级在社会变革中的重要性。但是,为数不多的工人题材作品依然显示出鲜明的时代特色,这些作品大致可以分为四类:宣扬实业救国、呼吁培养现代工人的社会改造小说;记录工人被剥削被压迫的苦难小说;反映工人罢工抗争的政治小说;描写工人"幸福"生活以及揭示工人劣根性的文化批判小说。这些作品充分反映了中国近代部分作家在题材上的敏感性,与后来革命文学中的工人小说连成一线,共同构成了中国工人小说的一脉传统。

The number of novels written about industrial workers in modern China is not many,and the reasons are very complicated,but the most important reason is that the writers have failed to realize the importance of the working class in social changes.However,the small number of works with the theme of workers still has shown distinct characteristics of the times,which can be classified into four types:the novel with the theme of social reforms advocating industrial salvation and calling for the training of modern workers;the novel of suffering which describes the exploitation and oppression of workers;the political novel of workers’strikes and struggles;the cultural critical novel which depicts the"happy"life of workers and reveals their deep-rooted bad habits.These four types of works have fully reflected the sensitivity to the subject matter of some modern Chinese writers,and coupling with the workers-themed novels in the later revolutionary literature,they constitute the tradition of Chinese workers-themed novels.