黔西南布依族苗族自治州兴义市征兵体检中口腔科检查情况分析

Analysis of dental examination in conscription physical examination in minority areas southwest Guizhou Buyi and Miao autonomous prefecture of Xingyi City

目的目前国内针对应征入伍人员的口腔健康状况报道较少,少数民族地区报道也不多见。本研究分析贵州省黔西南布依族苗族自治州兴义市2019年度征兵体检的口腔检查结果,为征兵体检工作提供参考,为口腔流行病学调查提供数据支持。方法按照《应征公民体格检查标准》规定的口腔科各项目,对2019年应征入伍人员共1 610名进行口腔检查并记录,根据不同民族和不同文化程度各分为3组,对口腔常见疾病龋病、咬合关系异常、牙列不齐阳性检出率进行数据分析。结果汉族、布依族、苗族及其他民族龋病检出率分别为29.8%(356/1 195)、30.4%(83/273)和24.6%(35/142),差异无统计学意义,χ^2=1.762,P=0.414;咬合关系异常检出率分别为24.4%(292/1 195)、28.6%(78/273)和25.4%(36/142),差异无统计学意义,χ^2=2.018,P=0.365;牙列不齐检出率分别为18.6%(222/1 195)、22.3%(61/273)和18.3%(26/142),差异无统计学意义,χ^2=2.111,P=0.348。文化程度为大学的应征入伍青年龋病检出率为24.2%,低于高中(30.3%)和初中与中职(32.3%)文化程度检出率,差异有统计学意义,χ^2=6.225,P=0.03。文化程度为大学、高中、初中与中职的咬合关系异常率分别为20.5%、27.2%和26.8%,差异有统计学意义,χ^2=6.981,P=0.03;牙列不齐检出率分别为15.3%、21.0%和20.4%,差异无统计学意义,χ^2=5.950,P=0.05。咬合关系异常者龋病检出率为36.2%,咬合关系正常的龋病检出率为29.6%,差异有统计学意义,χ^2=6.086,P=0.014。牙列不齐者龋病检出率为36.5%,牙列正常者龋病检出率为30.05%,差异有统计学意义,χ^2=4.930,P=0.029。结论龋病和错颌畸形在应征入伍男青年口腔疾病中检出率较高,需加强青少年人群口腔保健知识普及以提高口腔健康水平。

OBJECTIVE At present,there are few reports on the oral health status of recruits in the country,and there are few reports in minority areas.This study analyzes the results of oral examinations for the medical examination in2019 in Xingyi City,Guizhou Southwestern Buyei and Miao Autonomous Prefecture,and provides a reference for the medical examination and provides data support for the oral epidemiological investigation.METHODS According to the dental department’s various items stipulated in the " Citizens’ Physical Examination Standards",a total of 1,610 enlisted personnel will be examined and recorded in 2019.They will be divided into 3 groups according to different ethnicities and educational levels.Data analysis was performed for abnormal occlusal relations and positive rates of dentition irregularities.RESULTS The rates of caries in Han,Buyi,Miao and other ethnic groups were 29.8%(356/1 195),30.4%(83/273)and24.6%(35/142),the difference was not statistically significant,χ^2=1.762,P=0.414.The malocclusion rates were24.4%(292/1 195),28.6%(78/273)and 25.4%(36/142),the difference was not statistically significant,χ^2=2.018,P=0.365.The rates of dental irregularities were 18.6%(222/1 195),22.3%(61/273)and 18.3%(26/142),the difference was not statistically significant,χ^2=2.111,P=0.348.The caries rates of recruits at an educational level of university was24.2%,which was lower than that of high school(30.3%)and middle school(32.3%).The difference was statistically significant,χ^2=6.225,P=0.03.The malocclusion rates of recruits in university,high school,and middle school were20.5%,27.2%and 26.8%,the difference was statistically significant,χ^2=6.981,P=0.03.The rates of dental irregularities were 15.3%,21.0%and 20.4%,the difference was not statistically significant,χ^2=5.950,P=0.05.The caries rate of recruits with malocclusion was 36.2%,and caries rate of recruits with normal occlusion was 29.6%,the difference was statistically significant,χ^2=6.086,P=0.014.The caries rate of recruits with dental irregularities was 36.5%,and caries rate of recruits with normal dentition was 30.05%,the difference was statistically significant,χ^2=4.930,P=0.029.CONCLUSIONS The detection rate of dental caries and malocclusion was higher in the oral diseases of young men enrolled in the army.It is necessary to strengthen the oral health knowledge of the youth population in order to improve oral health.