果园多工位作业平台低损输送系统设计与试验

Design and test of low damage conveying system for orchard multi-station operating platform

为实现矮砧密植型果园采收作业的机械化,基于人机工程学和苹果机械损伤理论,设计一种适用于多工位采摘平台的低损输送系统,满足两侧、三高度、六工位的采摘作业要求,并实现对苹果的自动输送与自动装箱。根据种植间距和果树尺寸,确定子、主、垂直输送装置的尺寸、空间位置和作业参数。试验结果表明:子输送带带速为0.018 m/s,主输送带带速为0.038 m/s,垂直输送带带速为0.042 m/s,主输送带接收苹果的方式为每隔一个间隔接收一次时,苹果损伤率为8.67%,输送系统的最大输送效率为8640个/h,满足采摘作业要求。

In order to realize the mechanization of harvesting operation of short rootstock dense planting orchard,based on ergonomics and apple mechanical damage theory,a low damage conveying system suitable for multi-station harvesting platform was designed to meet the requirement of picking in two sides,three heights and six stations,and realize the automatic conveyance and automatic packing of apples.Based on planting distance and size of apple tree,the size,spatial position and operating parameters of subordinate,main and vertical conveying device were determined.The prototype test results show that the apple damage rate is 8.67%and the maximum conveying capacity is 8640 units perhour when the subordinate conveyor belt speed is 0.018 m/s,the main conveyor belt speed is 0.038 m/s,the vertical conveyor belt speed is 0.042 m/s and the main conveyor receives the apple other interval,meeting the requirements of picking operations.