冰川动力学模式模型进展及研究

Research progress on the glacial dynamics models

冰冻圈是气候系统中的一个重要圈层,其中冰川又是冰冻圈的重要组成部分,冰川、尤其是山地冰川的本构方程和建模一直是冰川动力学的核心任务。首先,简要回顾冰川模型的研究和发展,简要介绍了基于Navier-Stokes方程耦合温度场的三维冰川模型。然后,介绍了冰川建模过程中的常用的静水压力近似、一阶近似、浅冰近似等的基本概念,总结了冰川的动力数值模式建立的主要方法,对于常用的GLIMMER冰盖模式的物理框架及其应用进行了介绍。最后,针对目前的简化模型难以准确地描述山地冰川的物理过程及其变化的问题,提出了一个基于全Navier-Stokes方程的山地冰川模型及其动力框架、边界条件处理的设想。本文可为建立、发展冰川及冰架模型,尤其建立和发展山地冰川模型提供基础知识和参考。

The cryosphere is an important component of the climate system,and the glaciers are the crucial part of the cryosphere.The constitutive equations and modeling of glaciers,especially mountain glaciers,have always been the core task of glacial dynamics.This study briefly reviewed the research and development on glacier model which includes the three-dimensional glacier model used the Navier-Stokes equation coupled with the temperature field and some basic concepts of model simplification,such as the hydrostatic pressure approximation,the first order approximation,and the shallow ice approximation.Based on the summary on the primary method of establishing the dynamic numerical model of glaciers this study also introduced a typical example of ice sheet model GLIMMER and its application in research area.Finally,considering the poor representation of simplified numerical model of mountain glaciers,especially in the descriptions of their physical processes and spatiotemporal variations,a dynamical framework of mountain glacial model based on the complete NavierStokes equation and the corresponding treatment of boundary condition are proposed in this study.This study could provide basic knowledge and reference for the establishment and development of the glacier and ice shelf models,especially for the mountain glacier models.