摘要
【目的】分析添加不同氮源发酵桉树渣的理化性质,为桉树废弃物的基质化利用提供参考依据。【方法】在桉树木材生产纸浆后的桉树渣中添加不同种类氮源(硫酸铵、尿素和鸡粪),并将桉树渣碳氮比(C/N)调至30.0∶1.0,在复合微生物菌剂(缩腐剂)的催化作用下进行发酵处理,以未添加氮源发酵为对照(CK),测定分析各处理发酵腐熟后的容重、总孔隙度、通气孔隙度、持水孔隙度、气水比、电导率(EC)、pH及有机碳和全氮含量。【结果】外源添加氮素后桉树渣堆体升温较快,添加氮素后6 d即升至55℃以上,且高温持续时间均长于CK。其中,添加硫酸铵桉树渣堆体的高温维持时间最长,达32 d。添加硫酸铵、鸡粪和尿素发酵至64 d时桉树渣即完成腐熟,而未添加氮源的CK腐熟不完全,表现为C/N仍然较高,发酵后堆体C/N与发酵前初始C/N的比值(T)大于0.60。各处理桉树渣发酵64 d后堆体的容重、总孔隙度、通气孔隙度、持水孔隙度和气水比均在理想基质范围,但EC均偏高,尤其以添加硫酸铵处理的EC最高,达3.50 mS/cm,不能直接作为育苗基质使用;发酵腐熟后堆体的pH仅添加硫酸铵处理呈弱酸性(6.52),其余处理均呈较强碱性。【结论】外源添加硫酸铵发酵的桉树渣腐熟后EC较高,pH呈弱酸性,添加鸡粪和尿素发酵的桉树渣腐熟后pH呈较强碱性,EC偏高,未达到育苗基质标准要求。因此,在生产上应用发酵腐熟的桉树渣时需进一步淋洗或与其他基质混配降低EC及调整pH后方可作为育苗基质或栽培基质使用。
【Objective】The physicochemical properties of eucalyptus residue fermented with different nitrogen sources were analyzed to provide a reference for the substrateization of eucalyptus waste.【Method】Added different kinds of nitrogen sources(ammonium sulfate,urea,and chicken manure) to eucalyptus residue to adjust the carbon/nitrogen ratio(C/N) of eucalyptus residue to 30.0∶1.0.All treatments were carried out under the complex microbial catalysis effect and without adding a nitrogen source as a control(CK) for comparison.The bulk density,total porosity,aerated porosity,water holding porosity,air-water ratio,electrical conductivity(EC),pH,organic carbon and total nitrogen content of each treatment were measured and analyzed.【Result】The temperature increased rapidly after adding nitrogen externally,reaching 55 ℃ 6 days later,and the duration of high temperature was higher than CK.Among them,the high temperature maintenance time of the treatments added with ammonium sulfate was the longest,reaching 32 days.When ammonium sulfate,chicken manure and urea were added to ferment to 64 days,eucalyptus slag was completely decomposed,while CK without added nitrogen was not completely decomposed,for the C/N was still high,the C/N after fermentation: C/N before fermentation(T)>0.60.The bulk density,total porosity,aeration porosity,water-holding porosity,and air-water ratio of the eucalyptus residue after fermentation for 64 days in each treatment were all in the ideal matrix range,but the ECs were higher,especially the treatments added ammonium sulfate was the highest,up to 3.50 mS/cm,can not be used directly as a seedling substrate.The pH of the treatments after completely decomposed is only weakly acidic with the addition of ammonium sulfate(6.52),and the rest of the treatments are slightly alkaline.【Conclusion】After fermentation,the treatments with the addition of ammonium sulphate has a higher EC,and the pH is weakly acidic,while the treatments with the addition of chicken manure or urea is alkaline,and the EC value still higher,not reach the standard of seeding substrate.All in all,it is necessary to be further rinsed or mixed with other substrates to reduce EC and adjust the pH before it can be used as a seedling substrate or a cultivation substrate.
作者
肖春霞
梁贤智
王其传
阳燕娟
于文进
XIAO Chun-xia;LIANG Xian-zhi;WANG Qi-chuan;YANG Yan-juan;YU Wen-jin(College of Agriculture,Guangxi University,Guangxi Nanning 530004,China;Jiangsu Huaian Chaimihe Agricultural Technology Co.,Ltd.,Jiangsu Huaian 223007,China)
出处
《西南农业学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第6期1186-1191,共6页
Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences
基金
广西科技重大专项(桂科AA17204039,桂科AA172 04026)。
关键词
桉树渣
外源氮
腐熟
基质
理化性质
Eucalyptus residue
Exogenous nitrogen
Maturity
Substrate
Physical and chemical properties