广西从事艾滋病工作医护人员职业倦怠现状及影响因素分析

Analysis on occupational burnout status and influencing factors among HIV/AIDS therapy-related medical staffs in Guangxi

目的了解广西从事艾滋病工作医护人员职业倦怠的现状及其影响因素,为职业倦怠的防控提供科学依据。方法2019年1月11日—3月14日,从广西区内艾滋病抗病毒治疗定点医疗机构的工作交流微信群中招募324名医护人员作为调查对象,通过微信网络平台发放自制的电子问卷,以网上自填方式进行基本情况和职业倦怠量情况的调查,采用SPSS 23.0软件进行统计分析,单因素分析采用t检验、方差分析和非参数检验,多因素分析采用有序logistic回归模型分析。结果共收集到问卷324份,其中有效问卷324份,有效率为100.00%。在324名调查对象中,99.07%的医护人员出现职业倦怠,其中16.67%为轻度职业倦怠,37.35%为中度职业倦怠,45.06%为重度职业倦怠。情绪耗竭维度得分为(28.93±10.86)分,人格解体维度得分中位数为13.5分,个人成就感降低维度得分(34.60±8.46)分。多因素有序logistic回归模型分析结果显示,与30岁以下医护人员相比,40岁以上和30~40岁者职业倦怠发生的可能性分别是0.28倍和0.47倍,为保护因素;与从事艾滋病相关工作年限3年以下医护人员相比,工作5年以上和3~5年者职业倦怠发生的可能性分别是3.08倍和2.34倍,为危险因素。结论广西从事艾滋病工作医护人员职业倦怠现象较为普遍,应重点关注低龄组和从事艾滋病工作年限长者,可通过提供情感支持、心理健康培训和提高工作待遇等方式应对职业倦怠的发生。

ObjectiveTo investigate the status of occupational burnout and influencing factors among HIV/AIDS therapy-related medical staffs in Guangxi,provide scientific basis for the prevention and control ofoccupational burnout.MethodsBetween January 11 thand March 14 thin 2019,324 medical staffs were recruitedfrom the We Chat work communication group at designated medical institutions for HIV/AIDS treatment withinGuangxi as the target of the investigation.Self-made electronic questionnaires were distributed throughWe Chat network platform,and the basic situation and occupational burnout were self-filled online. The datawas statistically analyzed by SPSS 23.0. Univariate analysis was analyzed by t test,analysis of variance, andnonparametric test,and multi-factor analysis was analyzed by ordered logistic regression analysis.ResultsAtotal of 324 questionnaires were collected,which 324 were valid questionnaires, with an effective rate of100.00%. Among 324 participants, the rate of occupational burnout was 99.07%,and 16.67% of the staffsshowed slight burnout,37.35% of them showed moderate burnout,and 45.06% of them were involved in severe status. Emotional exhaustion score was(28.93 ±10.86),the median of depersonality was 13.5,andreduced personal accomplishment score was(34.60±8.46).Multi-factor ordered logistic regression analysis indicated that compared with medical staffs under theage of 30,the probability of developing occupational burnout among staffs over 40 and 30 to 40 years old was0.28 times and 0.47 times higher,respectively,which was a protective factor.Compared with medical staff whohad been engaged in AIDS-related work for less than 3 years,the probability of occupational burnout amongthose who had worked for more than 5 years and 3 to 5 years was 3.08 times and 2.34 times higher,respectively,which was a risk factor.ConclusionOccupational burnout among medical staffs working in HIV/AIDS inGuangxi is relatively common.Special attention should be paid to the younger age groups and staffs whoworking in HIV/AIDS for years,by providing emotional support,mental health training,improving workingconditions,and other ways to deal with the occurrence of burnout.