基于GRACE的2009~2010年西南地区特大干旱分析

Catastrophic drought disasters analysis based on GRACE in Southwest China from 2009 to 2010

为了详细分析导致2009~2010年中国西南地区特大干旱事件发生的原因,利用GRACE时变重力场数据反演2003~2015年中国西南地区陆地水储量变化,并将干旱事件发生期间的陆地水储量变化、降水量和温度变化较往年同期差值进行比较。分析结果表明:利用GRACE卫星监测区域性陆地水储量变化是有效的;在2010年初前后西南地区陆地水储量变化呈现出显著减少趋势,这与同时期该地区发生特大干旱时间相符;干旱事件发生期间,降水量和气温变化的时空分布与陆地水储量变化基本一致,表明2009~2010年西南地区特大干旱事件的发生主要是由降水量较往年偏少和气温较往年偏高所引起的。

In order to detailedly analyze the causes of catastrophic drought disasters in Southwest China from 2009 to 2010,the terrestrial water storage change in southwest China from 2003 to 2015 was inverted using GRACE temporal gravity field data in this study.Then,we compared the differences in the terrestrial water storage,as well as precipitation and temperature between 2003~2015 and that in 2009~2010.The results showed that the GRACE satellite was effective to monitor the terrestrial water storage change.The terrestrial water storage showed a significant downward trend in Southwest China in early 2010,which was consistent with the catastrophic drought disasters in this region during this period.Also,the spatial and temporal distribution of precipitation and temperature changes were generally consistent with the terrestrial water storage change.These results indicated that the precipitation decrease and temperature increase were the key reasons of catastrophic drought disasters in Southwest China during 2009~2010.