融合教育背景下师范生的孤独症污名特点

The Characteristics of Normal University Students Stigmatization of Children with ASD in Inclusive Educational Settings

污名是阻碍孤独症儿童接受融合教育的重要因素。用语义差异量表对244名师范生进行外显污名测试,采用单类内隐联想测验法从参与外显污名测试的师范生中选取28人作为被试进行内隐污名测试,以探索师范生对孤独症儿童的污名特点及影响因素。结果表明,师范生对孤独症儿童存在外显认知污名和低强度的内隐污名;接触经验能促进师范生对孤独症儿童表现出更为积极的外显态度。文章最后从师范院校增设相关课程、增加接触机会、加大媒体宣传力度等方面提出消除师范生对孤独症儿童污名的建议。

Stigma is an important factor that inhibits children with ASD from inclusive education.In the study,244 normal university students were tested for explicit stigma using the Semantic Difference Scale.Subsequently,28 students who had participated in the explicit stigma test were selected and tested for implicit stigma with the Single Implicit Association Test,so that the characteristics and influencing factors of stigmatization of children with ASD from normal university students were explored.The results showed that normal university students had explicit cognitive stigma and weak implicit stigma towards children with ASD.Contact experience could promote normal university students to show a more positive explicit attitude.Suggestions were put forward to eliminate the stigma of children with ASD by means of setting up relevant courses in the normal university,increasing the contact opportunity and strengthening media publicity.