沈阳市部分听力及视力障碍学生患龋现状与影响因素分析

Caries status and analysis of influencing factors in students with hearing or visual disability in Shenyang

目的调查沈阳市聋校、盲校学生龋病的患病状况,探讨听力及视力障碍学生患龋相关影响因素,为口腔疾病的综合干预提供基线资料。方法采用第四次全国口腔健康流行病学调查标准和方法,对沈阳市聋校、盲校146名7~20岁听力及视力障碍学生进行口腔健康状况临床检查及口腔相关知识和行为习惯的问卷调查,并通过多因素Logistic回归分析患龋影响因素。结果146名听力及视力障碍学生总患龋率为60.27%,龋均为2.24±3.12,龋补充填比为18.35%,女性患龋状况明显比男性严重(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,女性、1年内有过看牙行为是患龋的危险因素,监护人对学生口腔健康状况评价良好是患龋的保护因素。结论听力及视力障碍学生的患龋状况不容乐观,尤其女性。学校及监护人应加强对该特定群体的口腔健康教育,并采取干预措施预防和控制龋病的发生及发展。

Objective To investigate the prevalence of dental caries in students of deaf and blind schools in Shenyang,and to explore the related factors of dental caries in students with hearing or visual disability,so as to provide baseline data for comprehensive intervention of oral diseases.Methods According to the standard and method of the fourth National Oral Health Epidemiological Survey,146 students with hearing or visual disabilities in Shenyang deaf and blind schools were investigated by clinical examination and questionnaire concerning oral related knowledge and behavior habits,and the influencing factors of caries were analyzed by Logistic regression.Results The total caries rate of 146 disabled students was 60.27%,the mean caries number was 2.24±3.12,the filling ratio of caries was 18.35%,and the caries status of girls was significantly worse than that of boys(P<0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that being female and visiting dental clinic within one year were the risk factors of caries,and good evaluation of students′oral health by their guardians was the protective factor of caries.Conclusion The caries status of disabled students is not optimistic,especially in female students.Schools and guardians should strengthen oral health education for the specific group,and take intervention measures to prevent and control the occurrence and development of caries.