兰州市北山不同林地春夏季土壤纤毛虫群落特征

Characteristics of soil ciliate communities in spring and summer in different woodlands of Beishan,Lanzhou City

为了研究兰州市北山绿化工程的植被恢复状况,于2016年4月和7月,对北山罗九公路绿化工程区的人工林及荒坡、半荒坡共6个样点进行野外调查采样,分析土壤纤毛虫群落组成及其影响因素。研究结果表明:(1)春季有10纲21目34科44属80种,夏季10纲21目38科54属104种。春夏季的优势类群均为尖毛科(Plagiocampidae),优势种为膨胀肾形虫(Colpoda inflate)和盘状肾形虫(Colpoda patella)。(2)土壤纤毛虫的丰度、物种数和多样性指数夏季高于春季,且人工林样点的土壤纤毛虫的丰度、物种数和多样性指数均高于荒坡;(3)春季土壤有机碳、土壤温度和电导率是影响土壤纤毛虫物种数分布的主要环境因子;夏季土壤有机碳、土壤温度及pH是影响土壤纤毛虫物种数分布的主要因子。总体而言,人工林土壤恢复较荒坡、半荒坡好,而人工林中杨树林和侧柏林的土壤环境质量较优。

Vegetation restoration was studied in Beishan greening area of Lanzhou City in April and July,2016.The composition of soil ciliate community and its influencing factors in six plantations,including barren slopes and semi-barren slopes,were analyzed by field investigation.The results showed that:(1)there were 10 classes,21 orders,34 families,44 genera and 80 species in spring,and 10 species,21 orders,38 genera,54 genera in summer.The dominant groups were Plagiocampidae,and the dominant species were Colpoda inflata and Colpoda patella in spring and summer.(2)The abundance,species number,and diversity index of soil ciliates were higher in summer than those in spring,and they were higher in plantations than those in barren slopes.(3)In spring,the main environmental factors affecting distribution of soil ciliate species were soil organic carbon,soil temperature,and electrical conductivity.In summer,the main environmental factors affecting distribution of soil ciliate species were soil organic carbon,soil temperature and pH.In general,the soil restoration of plantation was better than that of barren slope and semi-barren slope,while the soil environmental quality of Populus L.and Platycladus orientalis(L.)Franco plantations was better.