抗凝药物的临床个体化应用

Individualized Clinical Administration of Anticoagulant Drugs

血栓栓塞性疾病致死率、致残率高,严重影响患者的生活质量及预后。抗凝药物种类繁多、作用特点不尽相同,目前我国抗凝药物的使用整体形势并不乐观。患者对合理用药知识了解不够、用药依从性差,抗凝治疗达标率低,不良反应发生率相对较高。因此,规范化、合理化、个体化的抗凝治疗至关重要。结合患者病理生理状态与实际治疗需求,对抗凝药物的特点及临床个体化应用进行综述,以期为实现抗凝药物个体化治疗、促进合理用药提供参考。

Thromboembolic diseases cause high mortality and disability rates to the patients,which seriously affects their quality of life and prognosis.At present,the overall situation of the administration of anticoagulant drugs in China is not sound due to their wide variety and different mechanisms of action.Patients have insufficient understanding of rational drug administration and poor medication compliance,with a lower rate of achievement of target anticoagulant therapy and a relatively higher incidence of adverse reactions.Therefore,it is essential to standardize,rationalize and individualize anticoagulant therapy.This article analyzes the pathophysiological state of the patients and their actual needs of treatment,and reviews the characteristics of anticoagulant drugs and their individualized application,in an attempt to provide reference for individualized treatment with anticoagulants,and promote their rational administration。