南瓜、黄瓜和油菜幼苗对镉胁迫的响应

Response of pumpkin,cucumber and rape seedlings to cadmium stress

为了评估镉对瓜菜生长发育的影响,以南瓜、黄瓜和油菜为试验材料,用不同浓度镉离子溶液(0、1、10、100 mg·L^-1)进行处理,测定其生长发育指标及抗氧化活性。结果表明,与对照相比,100 mg·L^-1镉处理南瓜幼苗的根长、茎长、根鲜质量、地上鲜质量和叶片POD活性,黄瓜幼苗的根长和根鲜质量,油菜幼苗的根长、茎长、根鲜质量、地上鲜质量和叶片MDA含量分别降低了91.64%、16.72%、84.23%、46.22%、71.49%、86.87%、86.16%、91.99%、32.46%、83.53%、54.97%和63.35%;南瓜幼苗的根SOD活性、叶片SOD活性、根CAT活性、叶片CAT活性和叶片MDA含量,黄瓜幼苗的根SOD活性、根POD活性、叶片POD活性、根CAT活性、根MDA含量,油菜幼苗的根SOD活性、叶片SOD活性、根POD活性、根CAT活性、根MDA含量分别增加了9.14倍、55.87%、60.18%、1.71倍、34.22%、13.09倍、2.82倍、93.81%、2.80倍、4.11倍、8.41倍、4.13倍、45.86%、5.84倍和6.72倍。1、10 mg·L^-1镉处理南瓜幼苗的叶片POD活性分别增加了97.70%和89.84%;南瓜幼苗的根CAT活性分别降低了67.12%和53.18%。1、10、100 mg·L^-1镉处理黄瓜幼苗的叶片CAT活性分别降低了78.03%、28.10%和33.11%;南瓜幼苗的根POD活性分别增加了7.47倍、3.46倍和19.59倍;黄瓜幼苗的叶片SOD活性分别增加了87.13%、124.18%和108.46%,叶片MDA含量分别增加了98.26%、32.65%和27.26%;油菜幼苗的叶片POD活性分别增加了71.97%、117.10%和2.27倍。总之,高浓度镉抑制南瓜、黄瓜和油菜幼苗的生长发育。

In order to evaluate the effect of cadmium on the growth and development of vegetables,pumpkin,cucumber and rape were used materials in this research,different concentrations of cadmium ions(0,1,10,100 mg·L^-1)were set,the growth indicators and antioxidant activities were measured.The results showed that root length,stem length,root fresh weight,ground part fresh weight and POD activity in the leaves of pumpkin seedlings were reduced by 91.64%,16.72%,84.23%,46.22%,71.49%respectively compared with control after treated by 100 mg·L^-1 cadmium,similarly,the root length and root fresh weight of cucumber seedlings were reduced by 86.87%and 86.16%;the root length,stem length,root fresh weight,ground part fresh weight and MDA contents in the leaves of rape seedlings were reduced by 91.99%,32.46%,83.53%,54.97%and 63.35%;the SOD activities in roots and leaves,CAT activities in root and leaves,MDA contents in leaves of pumpkin seedlings were increased by 9.14 times,55.87%,60.18%,1.71 times and 34.22%;the SOD and POD activities in roots,POD activities in leaves,CAT activities and MDA contents in roots of cucumber seedlings were increased by 13.09 times,2.82 times,93.81%,2.80 times and 4.11 times;the SOD activities in roots and leaves,POD and CAT activities in roots,MDA contents in roots of rape seedlings were increased by 8.41 times,4.13 times,45.86%,5.84 times and 6.72 times.After treated by 1 and 10 mg·L^-1 cadmium,compared with control,the POD activities of pumpkin leaves increased by 97.70%and 89.84%;the CAT activities of pumpkin roots decreased by 67.12%and 53.18%.After treated by 1,10 and 100 mg·L^-1 cadmium,compared with control,the CAT activities of cucumber leaves were decreased by 78.03%,28.10%and 33.11%,respectively;the POD activities of pumpkin roots increased by 7.47 times,3.46 times and 19.59 times respectively;the SOD activities of cucumber leaves increased by 87.13%,124.18%and 108.46%respectively,the MDA contents of cucumber leaves increased by 98.26%,32.65%and 27.26%respectively;the POD activities of rape leaves were increased by 71.97%,117.10%and 2.27 times,respectively.In conclusion,high concentration of cadmium inhibited the growth and development of pumpkin,cucumber and rape seedlings.