农业保险需求及其影响因素研究评述与展望

Review on Influencing Factors of Agricultural Insurance Demand and Its Prospect

中国农业保险在政策支持下取得较快发展,但有效需求不足问题仍然存在。需求成为农业保险实现进一步发展的重要议题。通过对农业保险需求及其影响因素现有研究成果进行梳理分析,分别对理论基础、实证分析方法与主要影响因素三方面进行归纳总结,结果显示:现有研究在研究对象的全面性上存在不足,结合农业生产方式与经营主体特征的转变,应补足农业巨灾保险、农业大灾保险以及新型经营主体角度研究的空缺;实证方法的创新性有待提高,对实证数据的获取可在传统调查问卷的基础上,积极探索引入实验经济学方法;关于农业保险需求的主要影响因素,从需求方——农户角度以及供给角度——农业保险产品特征两方面的研究积累了一定成果,但对于现阶段参与主体之一的政府的保费补贴行为实证研究国内目前尚属空白。在此基础上,从实证方法的完善、研究对象的补充以及政府补贴效用的实证探讨等方面对农业保险需求研究的发展趋势进行了展望。

China’s agricultural insurance has developed rapidly with the support of policies,but the problem of insufficient effective demand still exists.Demand has become an important issue for the further development of agricultural insurance.By combing and analyzing the researches about the influencing factors of agricultural insurance demand,theoretical basis,empirical analysis methods and main influencing factors were summarized.The results showed that it was insufficient for comprehensiveness of research object,considering the transformation of agricultural production mode and management subject characteristics,the vacancy of research on agricultural catastrophe insurance and new agricultural operation subject should be made up;the innovation of empirical method need to be improved,on the basis of traditional questionnaire,experimental economics should be a new tool for acquiring empirical data;for the main influencing factors of agricultural insurance demand,the research from the perspective of farmers(demand-side)and insurance products(supply-side)have accumulated some achievements,however,there was almost no empirical research on influence of government subsidy in China at this stage.On this basis,the development trend of agricultural insurance demand research was forecasted from the improvement of empirical methods,the supplement of research objects and the empirical discussion of the effectiveness of government subsidies.