非洲猪瘟病毒核酸检测技术与应用进展

Progress in nucleic acid detection technology and its application of African swine fever virus

自2018年8月以来,非洲猪瘟已成为我国养猪业的头号疫病,对养猪业造成了巨大损失。基于聚合酶链式反应(PCR)的核酸检测方法具有高灵敏性和高特异性,在对非洲猪瘟的诊断、感染监控和养殖复产过程中生物安全评价等方面发挥了重要的作用。文章对常用的核酸检测技术与特点、非洲猪瘟病毒核酸检测方法的应用、核酸检测新技术展望3个方面进行了总结,以期为养猪企业在非洲猪瘟核酸检测和监测方面提供帮助。

African swine fever(ASF),caused by African swine fever virus(ASFV),was considered to be the biggest threat to the swine industry of China since the outbreak in August 2018.The polymerase chain reaction(PCR)based nucleic acid detection methods have high sensitivity and specificity,playing an important role in the ASF diagnosis,infection monitoring,and the biosafety evaluation during reproduction and breeding.In this paper,we summarize the common technologies of nucleic acid detection and its features,the application of ASFV nucleic acid detection methods,and also prospect the development of new nucleic acid detection technologies,hoping to provide help to the swine industry in the ASF monitoring and the nucleic acid detection of ASFV.