普洱茶中重金属元素砷铅镉铬汞铜的含量测定及风险评价

Determination and Risk Assessment of Heavy Metal Elements Arsenic,Lead,Cadmium,Chromium,Mercury And Copper in Pu’er Tea

采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)对普洱市辖区内购买的100批普洱茶进行砷、铅、镉、铬、汞和铜6种重金属含量检测,了解这6种金属元素在各县区茶叶中的富集情况并进行风险评价,为保障茶叶质量安全提供数据支撑。GB 2762-2017《食品安全国家标准食品中污染物限量》规定茶叶中铅限量标准为5.0 mg·kg^-1;农业部标准NY 659-2003《茶叶中铬、镉、汞、砷及氟化物限量》、NY 5196-2002《有机茶》规定茶叶中镉、铬、汞、砷、铜限量标准分别为1、5、0.3、2 mg·kg^-1和30 mg·kg^-1。在所有检出的茶叶样品中,总砷含量为0.001~0.300 mg·kg^-1,铅含量为0.003~0.600 mg·kg^-1,镉含量为0.004~0.090 mg·kg^-1,铬含量为0.07~1.00 mg·kg^-1,总汞含量为0.005~0.100 mg·kg^-1,铜含量为14~32 mg·kg^-1,除思茅区的1个样品铜元素含量为32 mg·kg^-1,超出临界值外,其他元素含量均不超国家限量标准。

Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS)was used to determine the levels for arsenic(As),lead(Pb),cadmium(Cd),chromium(Cr),mercury(Hg),and copper(Cu)in 100 batches of Puer tea which purchased from the market.This study is helpful to research the distributions of the six heavy metals,and strengthen the supervision of the tea safety.GB 2762-2017“Limits of Contaminants in Food”specifies lead in tea is 5.0 mg·kg^-1;NY 659-2003“Residue limits for chromium,cadmium,mercury,arsenic and fluoride in tea”、NY 5196-2002“Organic Tea”specify the limits of chromium,cadmium,mercury,arsenic and coppe are 5、1、0.3、2 mg·kg^-1 and 30 mg·kg^-1.The results showed that the content of total arsenic was 0.001~0.300 mg·kg^-1,the lead content was 0.003~0.600 mg·kg^-1,the cadmium content was 0.004~0.09 mg·kg^-1,and the chromium content was 0.07~1.0 mg·kg^-1,the total mercury content was 0.005~0.100 mg·kg^-1,the copper content was 14~32 mg·kg^-1,only in one sample which from Simao the content of copper was 32 mg·kg^-1,which had exceeded the limit,and the other elements’contents did not exceed the national limits.