基于三维激光扫描技术的高边坡变形监测分析

Deformation Monitoring and Analysis of High Slope Based on 3D Laser Scanning Technology

针对高速公路高边坡容易发生失稳破坏且监测难度大等问题,提出采用三维激光扫描技术对高边坡工程进行非接触式变形监测分析。为解决多期边坡对象的大体量点云数据难以配准问题,设计了一套基于边坡的永久性三棱锥作为控制点,通过各期点云数据中三棱锥特征提取相应控制点,对多期点云数据进行坐标系换算,进而实现多期点云数据的坐标配准,并对配准后的多期点云数据进行分析,运用算法程序处理并提取边坡变形信息。结果表明:利用三维激光扫描技术对高速公路高边坡进行自动化变形监测,能够获取边坡从局部到整体变形信息,提前预知边坡发展状况,对边坡的失稳破坏做出预警。可见,将三维激光扫描技术应用于高边坡的变形监测具有显著地优越性、可行性和应用价值。

In order to solve the problem that the high slope of expressway is prone to instability and difficult to monitor, a 3 D laser scanning technique was proposed to monitor and analyze the non-contact deformation of the high slope. To solve the problem of point cloud data of slope in different periods object difficult to registration, a set of triangular pyramid was designed as a permanent control points based on slope. The corresponding control points were extracted through the triangular pyramid feature in each phase of the point cloud data, and the coordinate system conversion was performed on the period of point cloud data. Then, the coordinate registration of the point cloud data was realized, and the multiphase point cloud data after registration was analyzed. Finally, the algorithm procedures were used to process and extract the slope deformation information. The results show that the automatic deformation monitoring of expressway high slope with 3 d laser scanning technology can obtain the deformation information of the slope from local to overall, predict the development of the slope in advance, and give an early warning of the instability of the slope. It can be seen that the application of 3 D laser scanning technology to deformation monitoring of high slope has obvious advantages, feasibility and application value.