个人-环境匹配理论视角下边界灵活性对工作-家庭冲突和增益的影响研究

Impact of Work-Family Boundary Flexibility on Work-Family Conflict and Enrichment-Based on Person-Environment Fit Theory

边界理论是平衡工作家庭冲突和实现工作-家庭增益的重要视角。个体作为边界跨越者,在工作和家庭中扮演着不同的角色,边界特征中的灵活性以及个体灵活性偏好共同影响着个体与工作-家庭边界的互动,也影响着个体在工作-家庭界面中的跨界冲突与跨界增益。本文基于个人-环境匹配理论,采用多项式回归和响应面分析法,收集了来自北京、上海、深圳等地601份有效问卷,并通过三维图像展示了研究结果。结果发现工作边界灵活性及其偏好的匹配与工作→家庭冲突之间不存在显著相关性,与工作→家庭增益存在显著负相关性;家庭边界灵活性及其偏好的匹配能显著抑制家庭→工作冲突水平,并显著提高个体的家庭→工作增益水平。本研究进一步深化了边界理论和边界灵活性在工作家庭关系领域的研究,并为优化改善工作家庭关系提供了一定借鉴。

Boundary theory provides an important lens for the understanding of work-family conflict and workfamily enrichment. As boundary crossers, individuals play different roles in work and family domains, shouldering social expectations respectively. The fit of boundary flexibility and individual’s preference for it affects the approach that how individuals manage the work-family interfaces, as well as the ability to cope with conflicts and to achieve enrichment between domains. Based on the theory of Personal-Environment Fit,601 valid questionnaires from Beijing and Shanghai were analyzed through Polynomial Regression and Surface Response method. The results showed that the fit of family boundary flexibility and its preference played a significant role in buffering family to work conflict and enhancing the family to work enrichment;Contrary to the hypothesizes, significant positive correlation was found between the fit and work to family conflict, no correlation was found between the fit and the work to family enrichment.