市场型环境规制的经济效应:碳排放交易、绿色创新与绿色经济增长

Economic Effect of Market-oriented Environmental Regulation:Carbon Emission Trading, Green Innovation and Green Economic Growth

中国已成长为世界第二大经济体,但同时环境问题也日益严重。为减少碳排放对于环境的影响,中国启动了碳排放交易试点工作。本文将碳排放交易试点作为准自然实验,基于2004-2017年中国30个省区市的数据,对碳排放交易这一市场型环境规制手段与绿色经济增长之间的关系及其相关作用机制进行实证分析。结果显示:中国近年来实施的碳排放交易试点政策显著促进了绿色经济增长。进一步的分析说明,碳排放交易能够有效激励创新,进而促进绿色经济增长。这一机制又可以细分为两条途径:一是导致创新投入增加,在各种创新的综合作用下,实现了绿色经济增长效率的提升;二是引起以绿色专利为代表的绿色创新产出增多,这些专利成果也在实践中得到良好的转化运用,促进了绿色经济增长。

China has grown into the second largest economy in the world, but at the same time, environmental problems are increasingly serious. In order to reduce the impact of carbon emissions on the environment, China has launched carbon emission trading pilot work. Based on the data of 30 provinces, regions and cities in China from 2004 to 2017, this paper makes an empirical analysis on the relationship between carbon emission trading, a market-oriented environmental regulation means, and green economic growth and its related mechanism. The results show that China’s carbon emission trading pilot policy implemented in recent years has significantly promoted the growth of green economy. Further analysis shows that carbon emission trading can effectively stimulate innovation and promote green economic growth. This mechanism can be subdivided into two ways: first, it leads to the increase of innovation expenditure, and by the comprehensive effect of various innovations, the improvement of green economic growth efficiency is achieved;second, it leads to the increase of green innovation output represented by green patents, which are also well transformed and applied in practice, and then promote green economic growth.