中国部分小学生中的“体育与健康理念引领者”基于人际传播途径产生的体育影响力研究

Research on Sports Forces of “Leaders of Sports and Health Concept” among Some Primary School Students in China Based on Interpersonal Communication Channels

采用社会心理测量法、定性比较分析法(QCA)及实验法,依据社会学习理论、创新扩散理论等,在四川省成都市××小学2~5年级学生中随机抽样进行心理测量和调查。选取了24名小学生"体育与健康理念引领者"。研究结论:1)被试小学生中的"体育与健康理念引领者"有3种类型:榜样型;能力型;稀缺型。2)被试小学生中不同类型的"体育与健康理念引领者"通过人际传播产生的体育影响力存在差异。在被试小学生学习"体育与健康理念引领者"体育行为的注意阶段,榜样型"体育与健康理念引领者"的体育影响力相对较大,其中:"社会关系(人际关系)"是其通过人际传播产生体育影响力的决定性因素。在被试小学生学习"体育与健康理念引领者"体育行为的保持注意阶段和"体育与健康理念引领者"体育行为再现阶段,能力型"体育与健康理念引领者"通过人际传播产生的体育影响力明显增大,其中"体育成绩"是其通过人际传播产生体育影响力的决定性因素。在被试小学生学习"体育与健康理念引领者"体育行为的动机产生阶段,榜样型"体育与健康理念引领者"通过人际传播产生的体育影响力再次增大,其中"班级职务"成为其通过人际传播产生的体育影响力增大的决定性因素。基于以上,提出进一步培养被试小学生中的"体育与健康理念引领者":为被试小学生中的"体育与健康理念引领者"赋权;被试小学生中的"体育与健康理念引领者"要加强学习体育与健康信息传播技巧;培养被试小学生中的稀缺人选——体育成绩优秀的小学女生;构建样本小学校园人际传播友好氛围。

Using the methods of social psychological measurement, qualitative comparative analysis(QCA)and experiment are adopted, and based on the social learning theory and innovation diffusion theory, a psychological measurement and investigation was carried out among random samples of Grade 2 to 5 students in XX Primary School in Chengdu, Sichuan Province. 24 primary school students of sports and health concept leaders were selected. The result shows that 1) there are three types of sports and health concept leaders in primary school students: the exemplar type, capable sports and health concept leader, and scarce type sport and health concept leader.2) Different types of "sports and health concept leaders "have different sports influence through interpersonal communication among primary school students. When the students were learning sports behavior attention stage of sports and health concept leader, the example type of sports and health concept leader sports influence is relatively large, Among them, social relations(interpersonal relationships) is a decisive factor in sports influence through interpersonal communication. In the stage of keeping attention and reappearing of sport behavior, the influence of sport and health concept leader of capability type is obviously enlarged, in which sport performance is the decisive factor for them to have sport influence through interpersonal communication. In the process of learning sports behavior, the influence of the model leader increases again through interpersonal communication, in which class position becomes the decisive factor.Based on the above put forward to further cultivate the students were tested in the sports and health concept leader: for the students tested in the sports and health idea leader empowerment;the primary school students of sports and health concept leaders should strengthen the learning of sports and health information dissemination skills;to cultivate rare candidates among primary school students —— girls with excellent sports achievements;to construct the sample primary school campus interpersonal communication with friendly atmosphere.