高海拔雀儿山隧道建设关键技术创新与实践

Tunneling at High Altitude:Technology Innovations and Practices in Queershan Tunnel

1工程意义国道317线也称为川藏公路北线,起于四川成都,止于西藏那曲,全长2030 km,是连接四川省与西藏自治区的重要通道。雀儿山主峰海拔6168 m,常年冰雪覆盖,雀儿山段原路长约30 km,公路通过垭口海拔高度为5050 m,地势险峻、气候恶劣、地质复杂,每年仅2个月无降雪,雪崩、泥石流、冰雪等灾害频繁,灾难性的交通事故时有发生,被称为"中国最危险公路"、"川藏第一高、川藏第一险",是国道317线海拔最高、路况最差、行车最险路段,成为制约全线畅通的主要瓶颈。雀儿山隧道项目地理位置如图1所示。

1 Project significance The 2030 km long China National Highway 317(G317),also known as the northern line of the Sichuan-Tibet Highway,extends from Chengdu,Sichuan to Nagqu,Tibet.It is an important transportation route to the Tibet Autonomous Region from Sichuan Province.At 6168 m above sea level,the main peak of the Que′ershan Mountain is covered with ice and snow all year round.The original road of the Que′ershan section,about 30 km long,crosses the mountain at 5050 m above sea level where it is free from snowfall for only two months in a year.