全国各地区防治新型冠状病毒肺炎中医药方案用药规律分析

Analysis of medication rule of TCM programs for prevention and treatment of COVID-19 in all areas of China

目的分析全国各地区防治新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)中医药方案相关数据,探讨COVID-19用药规律。方法收集并整理国家卫健委及全国各省、直辖市、自治区防治COVID-19中医药方案所涉及的中药处方,时间截至2020年2月8日。借助Microsoft Excel 2016、IBM SPSS 15.0、SPSS Modeler 18计算机软件,利用软件的筛选统计、关联规则分析、聚类分析等数据挖掘方法,对处方所涉及药物的用药频次、四气、五味、归经分布、功效分类、组方规律进行统计分析,总结全国各地区防治COVID-19中医药方案的用药规律。结果共纳入处方159首,分析得出全国各地区防治COVID-19中医药方案用药以温性为主,五味以苦、甘、辛为主,主要归肺、脾、胃经;常用药物有甘草、杏仁、麻黄、石膏、藿香、黄芩、黄芪、苍术、金银花、连翘、白术等;常用药对组合有麻黄-杏仁、麻黄-石膏、藿香-厚朴、苍术-草果、金银花-连翘、葶苈子-石膏、草果-麻黄等;并演化出6首防治处方。结论全国各地区防治COVID-19中医药方案以化湿解毒为主,寒者温化,热者泻火,并兼顾宣肺平喘、补气健脾、养阴生津、理气活血等治法以综合调理患者的机体状态。

Objective To explore the medication rule of TCM programs for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 in all areas of China through analyzing relevant TCM data.Methods TCM prescriptions involved in TCM programs for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 of the National Health Commission,all provinces,municipalities and autonomous regions with the deadline of 8 February 2020 were collected,by using the software of Microsoft Excel 2016,IBM SPSS 15.0,SPSS Modeler 18,data mining methods such as software screening statistics,association rule analysis,cluster analysis,etc.were applied to make statistical analysis on the medication frequency,four-qi,five-flavor,meridian tropism and distribution,efficacy classification,and prescription rules of the drugs involved in these prescriptions,and sum up the medication rules of TCM scheme for preventing and treating COVID-19 in various regions of the country.Results 159 prescriptions were included.It was found that in TCM programs for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19,drugs with warm nature were used mainly with the five flavors of bitter,sweet and pungent,and mainly belonged to the lung,spleen and stomach meridians.The frequently used drugs were Liquorice,almond,ephedra,gypsum,agastache,Scutellaria,astragalus,Atractylodes,honeysuckle,forsythia,Atractylodes;The most commonly used drug pairs were ephedra with almond,ephedra with gypsum,patchouli with mangnolia officinalis,atractylodes with fructus amomi,honeysuckle with forsythia,lepidium seed with gypsum,fructus amomi with ephedra.Besides,six prescriptions for the prevention and control were developed.Conclusion Resolving dampness and detoxicating were taken as the basic methods of TCM programs for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19,the condition of cold will be warmed and dissolved,the hotness will be drained,and it is also taken into account that the treatment of dispersing lung and relieving asthma,invigorating qi and strengthening spleen,nourishing yin and producing fluid and regulating qi and activating blood circulation to comprehensively can adjust the patient’s body state.