列宁社会主义民主观的权利表达

The Concept of Rights in Lenin’s View on Socialist Democracy

作为马克思、恩格斯思想的继承者,在领导苏俄社会主义革命、建设和改革的历史进程中,列宁阐述了一系列的社会主义民主权利思想并将其理论付之于苏俄国家法治建设实践。列宁民主权利思想涵盖了政治、经济、社会和法律领域的多个方面,包括政治上建立民主共和国以实现人民自由平等的理想追求,经济上构筑人民参与管理国家的主体权利,社会治理上维护人民知情和表达的民主权利,以法律规定选举权和监督罢免权,贯彻保障民主的实现。基于社会主义民主建设的法治机理,列宁深刻分析了社会主义民主的权利样态、存在领域和实现路径。研究列宁社会主义民主观的权利表现形态,对于今天我们中国特色社会主义民主法治建设而言,仍然具有重要的理论价值和实践指向意义。

As the inheritor of the legacy left by Marx and Engels,Lenin developed a series of thoughts on people’s rights in a socialist democracy and carried them out in the practice of rule of law in Soviet Russia in the historical process of leading his country to implement the socialist revolution,construction and reform.His thoughts on democratic rights concern people’s rights in political,economic,social and legal spheres.According to his ideas,it should be taken as the ideal objective to establish a democratic republic where people can enjoy freedom and equality in their political life;to empower people to participate in state governance in the economic area;to protect people’s democratic rights to get access to the information and to express their opinions in terms of social management;and to specify by legislation people’s rights to vote,supervise and remove government officials from office so as to ensure the realization of democracy.Based on his understanding of the mechanism of rule of law underlying the construction of socialist democracy,Lenin gave an in-depth analysis to such issues as what people’s rights are like,where they exist and how they can be realized in a socialist democracy.To acquire due understanding of the form of rights envisioned by Lenin’s view on socialist democracy is of great importance in both theory and practice to the construction of the socialist democracy and rule of law with Chinese characteristics.