虚假诉讼罪的法益关系与司法适用

Legal Interests and Judicial Applications in the Crime of Filing a False Lawsuit

虚假诉讼罪的法益关系界定不妥当,会导致实务界在本罪具体适用上存在矛盾和分歧。本罪所规定的司法秩序法益与公民个人法益之间并非等同并列,而是呈现出主次之分的关系。虚假诉讼罪应当是以保护公民个人法益为中心,兼顾司法秩序的罪名。以此为基础,本罪具体适用过程中,在实质解释行为是否属于"以捏造的事实提起民事诉讼",行为所引发的结果是否能够被评价为"妨害司法秩序"及"严重妨害他人合法权益"的时候,也应该以个人法益受侵害情况为核心判断标准。

The definition of the legal interests involved in the crime of filing a false lawsuit is unclear,which will lead to contradictions and differences in the practical application of law when handling such crimes.The legal interests of the judicial order and people’s individual legal interests stipulated for this crime are not in a parallel relationship,but belong to the primary and secondary orders respectively.The purpose of establishing the crime of filing false lawsuits should mainly be to protect people’s personal legal interests and to keep the judicial order at the same time.Based on this,in the specific application process of this crime,the infringement of personal legal interests should be taken as the core criterion for making the substantive interpretation of whether the act at issue belongs to the category of"filing a civil lawsuit with fabricated facts"and for deciding whether the result caused by the act can be regarded as"impairing judicial order"and "seriously impairing the legitimate rights and interests of others".