永磁同步电机全速范围无位置传感器控制及FPGA实现

Sensorless control of permanent magnet synchronous machines in full speed range and FPGA implementation

针对高可靠性和对计算速度要求较高场合,提出一种采用现场可编程逻辑门阵列(FPGA)实现的永磁同步电机(PMSM)全速范围无位置传感器控制策略,包括电流闭环预定位、恒电流变频(I/F)启动、平滑切换策略和龙伯格状态观测器。电流闭环预定位在定位阶段可以限制电流幅值,并采用I/F启动将PMSM拖动至一定转速后平滑切换至龙伯格状态观测器闭环控制,所述龙伯格状态观测器建立在估计直交轴坐标系的扩展反电动势模型上。所提策略全部采用Verilog硬件描述语言进行编程,并采用状态机思想,降低FPGA逻辑单元消耗。实验结果表明,在全转速范围内所提策略在额定负载启动、速度阶跃、突加突减负载等情况下,具有良好的动、静态性能。

To satisfy the requirements of the applications of high reliability and high calculation speed,a sensorless control strategy in full speed range for permanent magnet synchronous machines(PMSMs)implemented by the field programmable gate array(FPGA)was proposed,which includes current close-loop rotor alinement,a constant current variable frequency(I/F)start-up method,a switching strategy and a Luenberger state observer.In order to limit current,current close-loop rotor alinement was adopted.The I/F method was used to accelerate motor to a certain speed,and then smoothly switch to the Luenberger state observer sensorless closed-loop control,which is based on the extended back electromotive force model on the estimated dq-axes coordinate.All the control strategies were implemented by Verilog hardware description language,and finite state machines were applied to reduce the usage of logic cells of the FPGA.The experimental results verify the proposed strategy shows a good static and dynamic performance under rated load start-up,step velocity reference,step rated load,et.al.