高性能纤维增强聚醚醚酮复合材料挤出成型增材制造现状与挑战

Status and Challenge of Materials Extrusion Additive Manufacturing for HighPerformance Fiber Reinforced Poly (ether ether ketone) Composites

材料挤出成型是一种典型的增材制造技术,其通过高温加热,将热塑性聚合物或其复合材料熔融挤出,而后逐层累积成型。它具有无需模具、可成型复杂零部件、低成本等显著优势,在生物医疗、航空航天、汽车工业等多个领域有着广泛的应用前景。聚醚醚酮作为一种半晶态超强热塑性聚合物,其纤维增强复合材料具有轻质高强、热稳定性好、化学稳定性佳等优异特性。利用材料挤出成型工艺制备纤维增强聚醚醚酮复合材料,可实现零部件的高性能低成本快速制造。介绍了纤维增强聚醚醚酮复合材料挤出成型制造技术的发展现状,分别从成型工艺机理、技术发展及性能对比等几个方面展开论述,并系统分析了未来技术发展所面临的挑战。

Materials extrusion as a classical additive manufacturing process can melt, extrude and fabricate the thermoplastic components or their composites layer by layer. It has the advantages of no-molding, ability to form complex structure and low cost, thus to be used in medical, aerospace, and automobile fields. Poly(ether ether ketone), as a kind of semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymer, has many excellent characteristics such as light weight, high strength, good thermal stability, and corrosion resistance. It’s components can be fabricated by materials extrusion technology in low cost. In this paper, the development status of the materials extrusion of fiber reinforced poly(ether ether ketone) composites were introduced. The mechanism of the process, development process of the technology and detailed performance comparison were respectively discussed. In the end, the challenges of the fiber reinforced poly(ether ether ketone) composites extrusion for further development were analyzed.