列维纳斯伦理视野中的陀思妥耶夫斯基

Dostoevsky from the Ethical Perspective of Levinas

列维纳斯在陀思妥耶夫斯基的作品《卡拉马佐夫兄弟》中具有伦理意义的宣称“我们中间的每个人在所有人面前在所有方面都是有罪的,我则尤甚”里找到了建构全新的自我-他者关系的基点。但列维纳斯的伦理学对“面容”的探讨又与陀思妥耶夫斯基基于东正教教义的观点不同。陀思妥耶夫斯基重视具有神性的面容与美的形象之间的联系,而列维纳斯则强调面容所体现的他者的绝对性。在研究陀思妥耶夫斯基对列维纳斯伦理学影响的同时,通过后者的哲学视野对陀思妥耶夫斯基的文学创作从伦理维度进行阐释,将有助于揭示陀氏作品中的伦理内涵。

Levians found the basis for constructing a new self-other relationship in the ethical claim“Each of us is guilty before everyone,for everyone and for each one,and I more than the others.”written by Dostoevsky in The Brothers Karamazov.But Levinas'ethical discussion of“Visage”is different from Dostoevsky's view based on the Orthodox teachings.Dostoevsky valued the connection of the divinity of the face and the beauty of the image,while Levinas emphasized the absoluteness of the other embodied by the face.While studying Dostoevsky's influence on Levinas'ethics,through the latter's philosophical vision,this paper interprets Dostoevsky's works from the ethical dimension,which will help reveal their ethical connotation.