失语症:后苏联电影的卫国战争叙事——以谢·罗兹尼察和巴拉戈夫作品为例

Aphasia:Narrative of the Great Patriotic War in Post-Soviet Cinema--A Case Study of the Works of Sergei Loznitsa and Kantemir Balagov

卫国战争是苏联电影的重要题材,围绕着"我们的事业是正义的,我们将会战胜"这一核心立场,苏联在不同历史时期生产了数百部卫国战争题材电影,无论是赞颂还是反思、甚至批评,"我们"始终占据着立场和话语权的主动性;在苏联解体后情况在不断发生变化,战争的正义性、人民性、必胜的信念不断被解构、质疑甚至批判,但是新的、"正义"的话语、立场始终缺席,形成了当今俄罗斯电影作者关于卫国战争的某种暧昧的"失语"症候。本文以谢尔盖·罗兹尼察和康捷米尔·巴拉戈夫近作为例,考察这种症候的文本表征和内在肌理。

The Great Patriotic War was once an important subject of Soviet cinema,and around the central position that“our cause is just and we will prevail”,the Soviet Union produced hundreds of films about the Great Patriotic War in different historical periods.Whether it was praise,reflection,or even criticism,“We”always have the initiative in both position and discourse power.After the Soviet collapse,in constantly changing situations,the belief in the justness of the war,affinity to people and triumphalism is unceasingly deconstructed,questioned,even criticized,but the new,“just”discourse and position are always absent,forming a certain ambiguous“aphasia”among Russian auteurs towards the Great Patriotic War.By studying resent works of Sergei Loznitsa and Kantemir Balagov,this paper examines the textual representations and intrinsic musculature of this“aphasia”。