基于遗传算法的消防站选址规划模型

Fire station location planning model based on genetic algorithm

为有效解决城市消防站建设成本高和空间资源浪费大等问题,提供更好应急服务,提出一种基于遗传算法(GA)的消防站选址规划模型(GAFLP)。在消防站选址过程中,布局安全与建设成本是两个不可调和的矛盾,由于消防站建设成本极高,城市应建设适当数量的消防站,使其覆盖所有火灾需求点的同时,尽可能最小化建设成本。该模型通过对传统遗传算法进行自适应改进,可自行优化消防站个数与位置,克服现有解决方案中需事先确定消防站数量的缺陷,能有效平衡消防站布局安全性与经济性两方面矛盾,优化消防站布局。

In order to effectively solve the problems of high construction cost and large space resource waste of urban fire stations,a Fire-station Location Planning model based on Genetic Algorithm(GAFLP)was proposed. In the process of site selection of fire stations,layout safety and construction cost are two irreconcilable contradictions. Due to the extremely high construction cost of fire stations,the city should construct an appropriate number of fire stations to cover all fire demand points,while minimizing the construction cost. Through the adaptive improvement of the traditional genetic algorithm,the model can optimize the number and locations of fire stations by itself,overcome the major defect in the existing solutions that the number of fire stations must be set in advance,and effectively balance the contradiction between safety and economy of the fire station layout.