明清地域商贾与桐城文派及阳湖文派

Regional Merchants in Ming and Qing Dynasties,and Tongcheng School and Yanghu School of Literature

桐城文派中的戴名世、方苞、姚鼐和阳湖文派中的恽敬等,都从不同的角度论述《史记·货殖列传》,并由此引发深思,阐发了对经商的看法。桐城文派、阳湖文派与商贾的关系相当密切,有互动,也有异同。由于以徽商推崇朱熹理学作为动因之一,桐城文派极力主张义理、考证、文章三者结合。桐城文派往往是骈文对立论者,而阳湖文派往往主张骈散合一,后者与吴地"缘情而绮靡"的地域文学传统有关,也与包括商贾在内的吴地侈靡等风俗有关。

Dai Mingshi,Fang Pao,Yao Nai of Tongcheng Literary School and Yun Jing of Yanghu Literary School all discussed Shi Ji · Biographies of Merchants from different angles,and thus triggered deep thinking,expounded the views on business. The relationship between scolars of Tongcheng School and Yanghu School and the merchants is quite close,interactive and similar. As the hui merchants respect Zhu Xi’s science as one of the motivations,Tongcheng Literary School strongly advocate the combination of righteousness,examination and article. Tongcheng School is often antithesis of parallel prose,while Yanghu School tends to advocate combining parallel prose with prose. The latter is related to the regional literary tradition of "love and beauty"in Wu area,but also with the extravagant customs of the merchants in Wu.