基于区块链的安全电子选举方案

Secure electronic voting scheme based on blockchain

当前电子选举方案主要存在两个矛盾点:一是既要保证选举行为的合法合规性,又要保证选举过程的匿名性;二是既要保证选票信息的隐私保密要求,又要保证选举结果的公众可验证性。针对这些矛盾,提出一种基于以太坊区块链和零知识证明的去中心化的安全电子选举方案。在该方案中,利用非交互式零知识证明算法和区块链去中心化架构设计了选民身份合法性零知识证明和选票合法性零知识证明;利用智能合约和Paillier密码体制实现无需可信第三方计票机构的自动计票。理论分析和模拟实验结果表明,在没有中心信任机构的条件下,该方案满足电子选举安全性要求,可应用于小型社区选举。

There are two main contradictions in the existing electronic voting schemes,one is to ensure the legality and compliance of election behavior while ensuring the anonymity of election process,and the other is to ensure the privacy security of ballot information while ensuring the public verifiability of election results.Focusing on these contradictions,a decentralized electronic voting scheme based on Ethereum blockchain and zero-knowledge proof was proposed.In the proposed scheme,the non-interactive zero-knowledge proof algorithm and decentralized blockchain architecture were fused to build zero knowledge proof of voter identity and zero knowledge proof of ballot legality.And smart contract and Paillier algorithm were used to realize self-counting without trusted third-party counting mechanism.The theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the scheme can achieve security requirements of electronic voting and can be applied to smallscale community election.