互联网快速普及对城镇失业的影响及建议

The Impact and Suggestion of Rapid Internet Penetration on Urban Unemployment

本文旨在推动完善互联网快速普及时代的促进就业政策。使用2003—2017年的省际面板数据,构建失业率与其主要影响因素相关关系的多元回归模型。实证结果显示,互联网普及对失业率存在显著的负向影响。推广和应用互联网,能够帮助失业者、尤其是女性失业者重新就业,还能够减少城市中的长期失业者数量,帮助他们尽快回归社会。互联网的快速发展和普及推动了各类灵活就业和新就业形态的蓬勃发展,为失业人员实现就业提供了广阔的机会,但却也面临服务管理不到位、政策扶持力度较弱和权益保护乏力等体制性障碍。建议完善劳动就业法律制度,健全以促进公平就业为核心的公共就业创业服务体系,提升政策扶持就业效能,构筑以提升就业安全性为核心的劳动力市场监管体系,确保就业顺利实现转型发展。

The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the improvement of employment promotion policies in the era of rapid Internet penetration. Using interprovincial panel data from 2003 to 2017, a multiple regression model of the correlation between unemployment rate and its main influencing factors was constructed. Empirical results show that Internet penetration has a significant negative impact on the unemployment rate. The promotion and application of the Internet can help the unemployed, especially female unemployed, to re-employ, and can also reduce the number of long-term unemployed in cities and help them return to society as soon as possible. The rapid development and penetration of the Internet have promoted the vigorous development of various flexible employment and new forms of employment, and provided broad opportunities for the unemployed to achieve employment. However, it also faces institutional barriers such as inadequate service management, weak policy support and lack of protection of rights and interests. It is suggested to improve the labor and employment legal system, improve the public employment and entrepreneurship service system with fair employment as the core, improve the efficiency of policy support for employment, build a labor market supervision system with the core of improving employment security, and ensure the smooth development of employment.