冠状病毒膜孔蛋白E作为药物靶点的探讨

TARGETING TO CORONAVIRUS ENVELOPE PROTEIN FOR THE DISCOVERY OF ANTIVIRAL THERAPEUTICS

尽管新型冠状病毒出现至今,已造成三次严重的肺炎疫情,但在冠状病毒的治疗方面,尚无有效的疫苗和靶向药。2019年底至2020年初,新型冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2)在中国大地上肆虐,如何防控和治疗SARS-CoV-2的感染,无疑是目前亟需解决的最重要问题。病毒编码的膜孔蛋白可在宿主细胞膜上形成选择性离子通道,决定病毒的致病性,是抗病毒药物设计的靶点。冠状病毒的小包膜蛋白E不但参与病毒的组装和出芽,而且在细胞膜上形成离子通道,并能激活炎症小体,促进炎症反应,是多功能病毒膜孔蛋白。本文介绍了靶向病毒膜孔蛋白的药物使用情况,并重点阐述了冠状病毒E蛋白的功能研究和药物研究进展,为SARS-CoV-2的治疗提供参考。

Although the continuous re-emergence of new coronaviruses (CoVs) have led to three severe pneumonia outbreaks,there are no vaccines and effective therapies to prevent and control these coronaviral pneumonia.From the end of 2019 to the beginning of 2020,novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) caused pneumonia was highly contagious and quickly spreads throughout of China.It is urgent to develop anti-viral therapy for controlling these coronaviral disease.Viroporin is a family of viral-encoded pore-forming proteins,which form ion channels on cell membrane and contribute to the pathogenicity and are the targets of antiviral drug design.CoV envelope (E) protein is a small integral membrane protein,which is not only involved in virus assembly and budding,but also forms ion channel on the cell membrane as a viroporin,as well as promotes inflammation by activating inflammasome.In this review,we describe the use of drugs targeting viral membrane pore proteins and focuses on the function of progress Coronavirus E protein and drug research,provide a reference for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2.