28例新型冠状病毒肺炎患者的早期康复护理

Early rehabilitation nursing for 28 patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019

目的总结28例新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)患者的早期康复护理经验。方法作者结合COVID-19的疾病特点,引入早期呼吸康复理念,准确把握患者实施呼吸康复的指征,以简单、安全、有效为原则,为患者实施个性化的呼吸康复护理。结果28例患者中,普通型患者14例,重型患者11例,危重型3例,无轻型患者。患者入院后均予以抗病毒治疗,预防、控制细菌感染,治疗基础疾病,防治并发症。1例采用经鼻高流量氧疗,1例采用机械通气治疗,1例在机械通气治疗及体外膜肺氧合(ECMO)置管后转至上级医院。25例患者好转出院,1例患者转院,2例患者死亡。结论COVID-19患者接受早期的呼吸康复护理具有一定的效果,能够改善呼吸功能,促进康复,但仍应动态评估患者机体状况,以达至有效防控、精准评估、科学施治的目的。

Objective To summarize the early rehabilitation nursing experience of 28 patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019(COVID-19).Methods In the principles of simplicity,safety and effectiveness,the individualized respiratory rehabilitation was implemented for patients on the basis of characteristics of COVID-19,the concept of early respiratory rehabilitation and accurate understanding of the indications for respiratory rehabilitation.Results Among the 28 patients,there were 14 cases with common type,11 cases with severe type,3 case with critical type,and there was no case of mild type.All patients were given anti-viral treatment after admission to prevent and control bacterial infection,and treatment for basic diseases and prevention as well as treatment for complications were also implemented.One patient was treated by nasal high flow oxygen therapy,one case was treated by mechanical ventilation,and one case was transferred to a better hospital after mechanical ventilation and catheterization of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO).Finally,25 patients were cured and discharged,1 patient was transferred to the other hospital,and 2 patients died.Conclusion For patients with COVID-19,early respiratory rehabilitation nursing shows a certain effect,which can improve the respiratory function and promote the rehabilitation.However,it is still necessary to dynamically evaluate the patients′body conditions to achieve the goal of effective prevention and control,accurate evaluation and scientific treatment.