《〈共产党人〉发刊词》的版本考异和文本阐释

An Examination and Textual Study on the Different Editions of the"Foreword to the Communist"

《〈共产党人〉发刊词》发表后,毛泽东进行过一次个别辞句的修改,新中国成立后编《毛泽东选集》又进行了一次规模稍大的修改。两次修改使《发刊词》形成了共产党人版、过渡版、毛选版三个版本。《发刊词》的修改突出了资产阶级分大资产阶级和民族资产阶级两部分的观点,体现了1940年以后革命实践的理论需要。对《发刊词》的解读阐释随着时代的变化而不断发展演进,党的政策、三个法宝、伟大工程这些概念代表了《发刊词》阐释的政策关注、经验概括、概念发挥的不同阶段。

After the publication of the"Foreword to the Communist",Mao Zedong made a few revisions.He added more revisions when it was included in the Selected Works of Mao Zedong after the founding of the People’s Republic of China.Therefore,the Foreword has three editions,namely,the original one to the Communist,the transitional one and the one in the Selected Works by Mao.The revisions of the Foreword highlighted the view that the bourgeois class can be classified into two categories:the big bourgeoisie and the national bourgeoisie,which was in line with the theoretical needs of the revolution after 1940.The interpretation and exposition of the Foreword evolved with the changes of the times.The elaborations on the concepts,such as the Party’s policies,Three Magic Weapons,and pointed out the deficiencies in implementing democratic centralism.