石楠锈孢锈菌重寄生菌的鉴定及产毒培养基筛选

Identification of the Mycoparasites from Aecidium pourthiaea and Screening

将3株重寄生拟盘多毛孢PG52、PG53和PG90鉴定到种,筛选出三者最佳产毒培养基,旨为毒素的分离鉴定奠定基础。通过PAUP软件构建系统发育树,并结合形态特征将3株拟盘多毛孢鉴定到种;以不同培养基制备的粗提物处理石楠锈孢锈菌和茶藨生柱锈菌的锈孢子,利用台盼蓝染色法和生测法筛选最佳产毒培养基。分子鉴定结果显示PG52与PG90属于同一个分支,与Pestalotiopsis kenyana和Pestalotiopsis Oryza在同一个大分支,PG53与Pestalotiopsis telopeae在同一个分支;从形态特征来看,PG53的形态与Pestalotiopsis telopea的形态描述基本一致;PG52和PG90的形态特征与Pestalotiopsis kenyana的形态描述一致;PG52于改良Fries培养基制备的粗提物处理孢子效果最好,PG53于改良M-1-D培养基制备的粗提物处理孢子效果最好,PG90于改良M-1-D培养基制备的粗提物处理孢子效果最好。PG52和PG90同属一种拟盘多毛孢菌为Pestalotiopsis kenyana;PG53为Pestalotiopsis telopeae的菌株。PG52菌株的最佳产毒培养基为改良Fries培养基;PG53菌株的最佳产毒培养基为改良M-1-D培养基;PG90菌株的最佳产毒培养基为改良M-1-D培养基。

Three Pestalotiopsis strains PG52,PG53 and PG90,which are mycoparasites of Aecidium pourthiaea,will be identified to species,and the optimal toxigenic medium of the 3 mycoparasites are screened in this study,for laying a foundation for the isolation and identification of toxins.The phylogenetic trees of 3 strains were constructed by PAUP software,and combined with morphological characteristics,they were identified to species.The crude extracts prepared from different medium were used to treat the aeciospores of A.pourthiaea and Cronartium ribicola,and the optimal toxigenic medium were screened by Trypan blue staining and bioassay.The results of molecular identification showed that PG52 and PG90 belonged to the same branch,and they were in the same big branch with Pestalotiopsis kenyana and Pestalotiopsis oryza.PG53 and Pestalotiopsis telopeae belonged to the same branch.On the morphological characteristics,the morphological description of PG53 was basically consistent with that of P.telopeae.The morphological characteristics of PG52 and PG90 were consistent with the morphological description of P.kenyana.The effects of treating spores by the crude extracts from PG52 in the improved Fries medium were the best,and also that by the crude extracts from PG53 and PG90 in the modified M-1-D medium were the best.In conclusion,PG52 and PG90 belong to P.kenyana.PG53 belong to P.telopeae.The optimal toxigenic medium for PG52 strain is the improved Fries medium,and the optimal toxigenic medium for both PG53 and PG90 strains was the modified M-1-D medium.