这不是我的工作!不合规任务及其对员工的影响

This is not my job!Illegitimate tasks and their influences on employees

不合规任务,作为一种新型职场压力源,近几年逐渐成为组织管理研究领域的一个前沿话题。不合规任务是指不符合人们预期工作范围、不应由自己完成或不必要执行的任务,包括不合理任务和不必要任务。不合规任务对员工情绪、认知、动机、工作态度、工作行为、身心健康,以及工作−家庭关系均有一定的负面影响,影响性质和强度取决于员工的个体特征和所处的情境特征。压力−自我冒犯理论、公平理论、工作要求−资源模型、工作特征模型、情感事件理论和自我决定理论是解释不合规任务影响的主要理论。未来研究可拓展不合规任务的概念和层次、探索和整合作用机制、探讨不合规任务的权变效应、考察不合规任务的影响因素以及开展文化情境和文化导向的研究。

Illegitimate tasks,as a new type of workplace stressor,has gradually become a frontier topic in organization and management research.Illegitimate tasks refer to the tasks that are inconsistent with employees'expected work scope and that are unnecessarily performed or not belong to someone,and they include unreasonable tasks and unnecessary tasks.This article introduces the concept and measurement of illegitimate tasks,and systemically reviews their influences on employees'emotion,cognition,motivation,work attitude,work behavior,physical and mental health,and work-family relationship.The review also indicates that the nature and magnitude of such influences depend on the characteristics of employees and situations where employees work.Stress-as-offense-to-self theory,justice theory,job demands-resources model,job characteristics model,affective event theory,and self-determination theory are primary explaining accounts for the influences.Future research is encouraged to expand the concept and level of illegitimate tasks,unpack and integrate the mechanisms underlining their influences,investigate their contingent effects,and identify antecedents of illegitimate tasks.Developing the research of illegitimate tasks in cultural context and cultural orientation is also needed.